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AC Joint Injuries in Touch Football

Published: 13 Feb 2025

AC Joint Injuries: Causes, Treatment, and Recovery 

AC (acromioclavicular) joint injuries are a common issue in contact sports such as touch football (rugby league). These injuries occur when the ligaments that connect the collarbone (clavicle) to the shoulder blade (scapula) become stretched or torn, often due to high-impact collisions. Given the physical nature of the sport, players are particularly susceptible to AC joint injuries, which can range from mild discomfort to severe joint separation requiring surgical intervention.

At The Healthy Body Company, our expert physiotherapists specialise in diagnosing and treating shoulder injuries, ensuring athletes can recover effectively and return to sport safely.

How Do AC Joint Injuries Happen?

The AC joint is located at the tip of the shoulder, where the clavicle meets the acromion (part of the scapula). Injury typically occurs through:

• Direct impact: A fall or tackle directly onto the point of the shoulder
• Forceful collisions: Heavy tackles and impacts common in touch football (rugby league)
• Overuse and repetitive strain: Constant reaching, passing, or tackling can place excessive stress on the AC joint over time

The severity of the injury is classified on a scale of 1 to 6 based on the level of ligament damage and joint separation (see image below).

Symptoms of an AC Joint Injury

An injured AC joint can cause significant discomfort and impair normal shoulder function. Symptoms include:

• Intense pain at the top of the shoulder, especially after impact
• Swelling and bruising around the joint
• A visible bump or step at the joint (in moderate to severe cases)
• Difficulty sleeping on the affected shoulder
• Pain with overhead arm movements, lifting, or pushing
• Weakness and instability in the shoulder joint

Physiotherapy Treatment and Rehabilitation for AC Joint Injuries

At The Healthy Body Company, our physiotherapists provide tailored treatment plans to help athletes recover from AC joint injuries. Treatment varies depending on the severity of the injury but generally follows a structured plan:

1. Immediate Care and Pain Management

• Immobilisation: A sling is often used to support the shoulder and restrict movement
• Ice Therapy: Applying ice packs reduces swelling and provides a numbing effect
• Pain Relief: Anti-inflammatory medications (as advised by a medical professional) can help manage pain and inflammation

2. Physiotherapy and Recovery

Once the initial pain subsides, physiotherapy focuses on restoring full, pain-free shoulder function:

• Soft Tissue Massage: Helps relieve muscle tension and improve circulation
• Joint Mobilisation: Enhances movement and flexibility in the shoulder joint
• Strapping and Taping: Provides additional support during recovery
• Strengthening and Mobility Exercises: Essential for restoring normal function and preventing future injuries

3. Surgical Considerations

For high-grade injuries (4-6) involving significant joint displacement or fracture, surgical intervention may be necessary to stabilise the joint and restore function. Post-surgical physiotherapy is crucial to ensure a full recovery.

When Should You See a Physiotherapist?

Any athlete who experiences an AC joint injury should seek professional physiotherapy assessment. At The Healthy Body Company, we specialise in diagnosing and treating shoulder injuries, helping athletes regain strength and function efficiently.

A physiotherapy assessment can determine:

• The severity of the injury
• Whether conservative treatment is appropriate
• The best rehabilitation plan for recovery

Prognosis and Returning to Sport

Recovery time depends on the severity of the injury and adherence to physiotherapy protocols:

• Mild injuries (Grade 1-2): Can heal within 2-6 weeks with proper physiotherapy treatment
• Moderate injuries (Grade 3): May require 6-12 weeks of rehabilitation
• Severe injuries (Grade 4-6): May take several months and, in some cases, require surgery

Athletes can return to sport once they have regained full strength, mobility, and pain-free function. Strength training and conditioning exercises are crucial to prevent re-injury.

Why Choose The Healthy Body Company for Physiotherapy?

At The Healthy Body Company, our experienced physiotherapists are dedicated to helping you recover from AC joint injuries and other shoulder conditions. We provide evidence-based treatment, hands-on therapy, and personalised rehabilitation programs to get you back to peak performance.

For more detailed information, visit Physio-Pedia’s AC Joint Disorders page.

If you’ve sustained a shoulder injury or are experiencing symptoms suggestive of an AC joint issue, book an appointment with one of our expert physiotherapists at The Healthy Body Company. Let us help you get back to your sport stronger than ever.